pearsons history and geography tests westward expansion

#Pearsons history and geography tests westward expansion free

But how could Free Black and Native Loyalists be integrated into this slaveholding system with their liberated, manumitted or free-born status? The opportunity to bring thousands of new planters or white settlers with slaves to the British Caribbean was essential in order to maintain the slave societies on these islands. The main arguments used were the possibility of bringing the slaves to the British West Indies which offered the accustomed warm climate and agricultural system. In 1782 a strong push began in Britain to offer land in Jamaica, Bermuda, St-Lucie, Barbados and the Bahamas islands to Loyalist planters from the southern colonies. Unsurprisingly, the question of land seems to have preoccupied the British government and the settlers throughout the War not owning property meant being excluded from the shareholder status and its ensuing political rights. At the British Library, the Clarkson Papers and the miscellaneous letters and papers relating to American affairs, contain several petitions from disbanded soldiers and Loyalists to obtain land in order to settle in British American colonies. British Library shelfmark: 279.k.3Ī wide range of documents illuminating these massive departures still exist, including petitions, muster rolls, letters, handbills, maps, and official registers either written by British officials or civilians. John Eardley Wilmot, Historical View of the Commission for enquiring into the losses, services, and claims of the American Loyalists. We can see Britannia opening her arms to American loyal subjects, to Natives and to Blacks. Moses - details the variety of social status and ethnicities of the Loyalists. The image below, for example - 'The reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain, in the year 1783' by H. Propaganda promoting the reception of Loyalists within the empire spread rapidly in pamphlets and newspapers. The largest evacuations occurred years later from Savannah, Georgia, and Charleston, South Carolina, in 1782, from New York City in 1783 and from St-Augustine, in East Florida until 1785. Formerly called Acadia, it had been a British territory since the end of French and Indian War when many New Englanders migrated there after the expulsion of the French Acadians. The first evacuation took place in 1776 when Loyalists from Boston chose to settle in Nova Scotia. However, my focus was on the exiles from America and the relocation of thousands of Loyalists and disbanded soldiers within the empire.Īfter the outbreak of the war in 1776, 'Tories' - Loyalist inhabitants of the Thirteen Colonies - together with their slaves, Black and Native Loyalists, as well as disbanded soldiers, migrated to Atlantic Canada, the British West Indies, Great Britain and Botany Bay to seek refuge. The economic, political, military and social consequences of the American War of Independence had been major for the British empire. Seynabou Thiam-Pereira was a 2020 Eccles Centre Visiting Fellow at the British Library.Īs an Eccles Centre Visiting Fellow at the British Library in September 2021, I was interested in material from late eighteenth-century British North America relating to American Loyalists and race issues in Atlantic Canada.

Pearsons history and geography tests westward expansion